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PostPosted: Tue Aug 07, 2007 22:58 
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RobinXe wrote:
This would suggest to me that magistrates are being instructed to second-guess juries. This is not their place!!

every time I take part in a trial I consider the evidence and come to a verdict in exactly the same way that a juror would. JPs have been doing this since 1361. Why is not our place to do so?



RobinXe wrote:
In many cases, it would seem, merely saying the CPS is wrong would be quite enough to introduce reasonable doubt.

If that were the case there would never be a guilty verdict.
Evidence can consist of facts, expert opinion or an explanation of circumstances allowing the drawing of an inference. It always has to be more than "he is wrong" whether put forward for prosecution or defence.


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PostPosted: Tue Aug 07, 2007 23:06 
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RobinXe wrote:
It genuinely concerns me that so many cases, it seems, would warrant a hearing before a crown court because magistrates are attempting to prejudge the jury's opinion of that trial, rather than trying the facts in front of them, as they are presented!

My post about the duties of the CPS and reasonable doubt was taken from training material approved by the Judicial Studies Board, which in turn was probably based on this (bold emphasis mine)
CPS wrote:
The evidential test

This is the first stage in the decision to prosecute. Crown Prosecutors must be satisfied that there is enough evidence to provide a “realistic prospect of conviction” against each defendant on each charge. They must consider whether the evidence can be used and is reliable. They must also consider what the defence case may be and how that is likely to affect the prosecution case. A “realistic prospect of conviction” is an objective test. It means that a jury or a bench of magistrates, properly directed in accordance with the law, will be more likely than not to convict the defendant of the charge alleged. (This is a separate test from the one that criminal courts themselves must apply. A jury or magistrates’ court should only convict if it is sure of a defendant’s guilt.)

Original can be found at http://www.cps.gov.uk/about/principles.html

No doubt, as usual the JSB and the CPS are wrong and you are right, but its parliament you need to convince - not me.


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PostPosted: Tue Aug 07, 2007 23:11 
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Zamzara wrote:
By that logic, no one would ever commit crimes. To conclude based on this that nobody therefore ever does a crime is a fallacy as you well know. Would you accept this as evidence of innocence from say, an accused drink driver? "Why would I drink and drive knowing full well that I would lose my job?"

My point is that, if clerks and JPs are doing what is so often alleged here ie favouring the SCPs in spite of evidence to the contrary, some would be caught and end up on trial in exactly the same way that drink drivers do.

I haven't heard of any. If the wholesale collusion, accidental or deliberate, that has been alleged here was taking place surely we would have seen a few in court by now.


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PostPosted: Tue Aug 07, 2007 23:35 
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fisherman wrote:
RobinXe wrote:
In many cases, it would seem, merely saying the CPS is wrong would be quite enough to introduce reasonable doubt.

If that were the case there would never be a guilty verdict.
Evidence can consist of facts, expert opinion or an explanation of circumstances allowing the drawing of an inference. It always has to be more than "he is wrong" whether put forward for prosecution or defence.

Indeed, it would seem, from what has been reported here and elsewhere about Ernest's case, that saying "He is wrong" does not create reasonable doubt.

However it would also seem that saying "I am right" proves the case beyond reasonable doubt, as long as it is the CPS witness saying it!

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PostPosted: Tue Aug 07, 2007 23:37 
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fisherman wrote:
RobinXe wrote:
This would suggest to me that magistrates are being instructed to second-guess juries. This is not their place!!

every time I take part in a trial I consider the evidence and come to a verdict in exactly the same way that a juror would. JPs have been doing this since 1361. Why is not our place to do so?


It is precisely what you should be doing not, as you posted previously, returning the verdict you believe a jury would. I hope you can see the difference.

fisherman wrote:
RobinXe wrote:
In many cases, it would seem, merely saying the CPS is wrong would be quite enough to introduce reasonable doubt.

If that were the case there would never be a guilty verdict.
Evidence can consist of facts, expert opinion or an explanation of circumstances allowing the drawing of an inference. It always has to be more than "he is wrong" whether put forward for prosecution or defence.


I think you've misunderstood. If an SCP employee shows up to court and claims to be convinced they are correct, whilst the defendant claims to be convinced they are mistaken then, in the absence of further evidence, there must be reasonable doubt. I refer this directly to Ernest's case, where the only corroboration was an alleged 'magic' computer system 'back in their office', which was seemingly sufficient to convince the magistrates beyond a reasonable doubt, without it ever being examined, explained or entering any evidence it had produced, or even of it's existence!

As for your continued little jibes, just remember that the vast majority of the 'educated' world once thought the world was flat, and neither their expertise, nor their majority, gave any additional veracity to that notion!


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PostPosted: Tue Aug 07, 2007 23:39 
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fisherman wrote:
Zamzara wrote:
By that logic, no one would ever commit crimes. To conclude based on this that nobody therefore ever does a crime is a fallacy as you well know. Would you accept this as evidence of innocence from say, an accused drink driver? "Why would I drink and drive knowing full well that I would lose my job?"

My point is that, if clerks and JPs are doing what is so often alleged here ie favouring the SCPs in spite of evidence to the contrary, some would be caught and end up on trial in exactly the same way that drink drivers do.

I haven't heard of any. If the wholesale collusion, accidental or deliberate, that has been alleged here was taking place surely we would have seen a few in court by now.

I don't think anyone has alleged "wholesale collusion". The only thing I have alleged is that as long as HMCS are partners in the camera cash scheme, then the potential for a conflict of interests exists for their employees, who now have two clearly contradictory interests.

Whether this actually influences cases is another question entirely, but even if it does not then it is still a bad thing that the potential for such bias exists.

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PostPosted: Wed Aug 08, 2007 08:13 
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fisherman wrote:
Ernest Marsh wrote:
I'm not sure where this fits in with that ethos then.

Clerk: "I presume you will be asking for costs - the usual £200 then?"

CPS Prosecutor "Yes. Err... costs of £135"

Its considered to be in the interests of justice that part at least of the financial burden of a failed defence falls upon the person who pursued it.

I agree - but should the clerk be suggesting amounts, rather than have the CPS provide their amount of what they feel represents their costs?

It appeared to me that the clerk was jumping the gun a little.

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PostPosted: Wed Aug 08, 2007 08:23 
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I was told by the clerk that the case could be decided ONLY on the evidence presented before the magistrates.
They admitted that they could not see the points of contact withthe road in the photographs supplied to me, or the ones brought to court by the prosecution.
So should they have accepted the assertion of the camera operator that the computer showed a better image, which was clearer? I HAVE the computer pictures - as do you, in my first post in this thread. It would be simple to bring this to court.
Finally, how do I ensure that the Home Office Type Aproval document is provided, which would take some reading, and use it to show the site is operating outside of type approval, AND the records to show the camera has been faulty, when they refuse to release the maintenance records by claiming they dont hold them?

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PostPosted: Wed Aug 08, 2007 08:44 
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The whole thing stinks like yesterday's diapers.

They obviously don't work to a British Standard ISO EN 9000 (another sort of BS perhaps?)

Everything should be regularly calibrated, checked, identified, traceable and provable!

It's rediculous, pathetic! I run out of superlatives...

Someone said it best in his/her sig "speed cameras - guilty until proven guilty"?

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PostPosted: Wed Aug 08, 2007 10:16 
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Ernest Marsh wrote:
Finally, how do I ensure that the Home Office Type Aproval document is provided, which would take some reading, and use it to show the site is operating outside of type approval, AND the records to show the camera has been faulty, when they refuse to release the maintenance records by claiming they dont hold them?


In your evidence 'bundle' that you were supplied, there should have been a Section 20 certificate. If you did not object to this within the time scales given, then the Court is entitled to accept that the certificate 'proves' that the equipment was used within its type approval.


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PostPosted: Wed Aug 08, 2007 19:15 
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What a shame that there isn,t an organised central type fund that people could donate to.
to help fund some peoples fights.

Pat


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PostPosted: Wed Aug 08, 2007 19:32 
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pat88 wrote:
What a shame that there isn,t an organised central type fund that people could donate to.
to help fund some peoples fights.

Pat

Those itching to donate could instead fund the campaign that is trying to eliminate the need for all these individual and needless fights.


http://www.safespeed.org.uk/join.html ;)

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PostPosted: Wed Aug 08, 2007 20:52 
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Surely a large factor here (whether it should be or not) is if a particular magistrate believes that cameras are there for the right reasons or not. I suspect that Fisherman largely rejects the Safe Speed argument, believes that cameras are there for road safety and doing a good job, believes that speeding really is dangerous, and consequently has very little sympathy towards the defendant in any speeding case.

I'm not remotely saying that magistrates disregard the law in favour of their personal beliefs, but I do think that their beliefs have an unavoidable influence on proceedings. It's not a case of them being unprofessional, it's a case of them being human.

Do magistrates, like juries, have a right to find a defendant not guilty if they believe a guilty verdict not to be in the public interest (or however it's worded)? If so this does tend to indicate that magistrates personally like speed cameras for whatever reason.

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PostPosted: Wed Aug 08, 2007 23:26 
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patdavies wrote:
Ernest Marsh wrote:
Finally, how do I ensure that the Home Office Type Aproval document is provided, which would take some reading, and use it to show the site is operating outside of type approval, AND the records to show the camera has been faulty, when they refuse to release the maintenance records by claiming they dont hold them?


In your evidence 'bundle' that you were supplied, there should have been a Section 20 certificate. If you did not object to this within the time scales given, then the Court is entitled to accept that the certificate 'proves' that the equipment was used within its type approval.

I DID object.
It's a Redspeed, which works by strips in the road surface - so let us assume that some careless motorist bumps the pole, and it ends up lying on it's side - but is still flashing when vehicles pass over the detector - as long as the certificate says it WAS working when it was magically tested in March 2006, then it's good for the next 12 months, no matter WHAT happens to the camera, the electronics, or the detector strips because Redspeed, who earn millions of pounds every year from selling and maintaining speed cameras tell us so.
Oh, and it was NEVER tested by the Home Office on motorcycles when they approved it - but still issued hundreds of fines to motorcyclists who fell foul of them, and who just paid up rather than question the evidence.! :x

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PostPosted: Thu Aug 09, 2007 09:57 
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JT wrote:
However it would also seem that saying "I am right" proves the case beyond reasonable doubt, as long as it is the CPS witness saying it!

It shouldn't unless there is evidence to back up what is being asserted as truth.

When something is given as evidence under oath, the bench will consider whether it is credible. ie if it makes logical sense having regard to the rest of the evidence and if it was given in a consistent manner. If that is the case then its down to the defence to challenge.


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PostPosted: Thu Aug 09, 2007 10:04 
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RobinXe wrote:
It is precisely what you should be doing not, as you posted previously, returning the verdict you believe a jury would. I hope you can see the difference.

I posted this
fisherman wrote:
the prosecution are required to prove the elements of the case to a standard which would enable a jury to convict after being properly directed as to the relevant law.

Which is clearly a statement of the level to which the CPS are expected to present their case. It says nothing at all about how JPs, or even juries, approach their deliberations. I hope you can see the difference.




RobinXe wrote:
If an SCP employee shows up to court and claims to be convinced they are correct, whilst the defendant claims to be convinced they are mistaken then, in the absence of further evidence, there must be reasonable doubt. I refer this directly to Ernest's case, where the only corroboration was an alleged 'magic' computer system 'back in their office', which was seemingly sufficient to convince the magistrates beyond a reasonable doubt, without it ever being examined, explained or entering any evidence it had produced, or even of it's existence!

I have said something on this subject in my reply to JT.

I am unable to comment on Ern's case as I wasn't there and any comments would be guesswork.


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PostPosted: Thu Aug 09, 2007 10:13 
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fisherman wrote:
When something is given as evidence under oath, the bench will consider whether it is credible.


Herein lies the potential problem I think...

Magistrates see the CPS solicitors every single day, and along with their witnesses, who work for enforcement agencies, could foreseeably prejudge them to be honest, upstanding professionals.

On the other hand, the vast majority of defendants who pass through magistrates' courts really are little scrotes, so the person standing to the right could understandably be prejudged to have less credibility.

Whilst I make no allegations that this is always the case, I believe it will be in at least some circumstances, magistrates are only human after all, and have far less experience applying the law than judges. It would be almost forgivable as a human error if it wasn't for the fact that rectifying the situation, when it occurs, is so costly and time-consuming.


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PostPosted: Thu Aug 09, 2007 10:17 
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JT wrote:
The only thing I have alleged is that as long as HMCS are partners in the camera cash scheme, then the potential for a conflict of interests exists for their employees, who now have two clearly contradictory interests.

As I have stated clerks and JPs have guarantees of judicial immunity which safeguard their positions when taking a decision which goes against a SCP. They also have the threat of criminal sanction if they allow themselves to be swayed in favour of a SCP rather than taking a neutral and judicial view.

The "two clearly contradictory interests" just do not exist.


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PostPosted: Thu Aug 09, 2007 10:37 
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bombus wrote:
I suspect that Fisherman largely rejects the Safe Speed argument, believes that cameras are there for road safety and doing a good job, believes that speeding really is dangerous, and consequently has very little sympathy towards the defendant in any speeding case.

Feel free to suspect whatever you want. I don't suppose you will be bothered by the fact that your beliefs about me are based on guesswork.



bombus wrote:
I'm not remotely saying that magistrates disregard the law in favour of their personal beliefs, but I do think that their beliefs have an unavoidable influence on proceedings. It's not a case of them being unprofessional, it's a case of them being human.

At least you accept that we are human.
Any verdict or sentence imposed by JPs will be based on the opinions of at least 2 and usually 3 of us. We also have to give reasons for our decisions.

My personal view is that, because of the training we get, the appraisals we have to pass and the structured decision making system we use, any personal bias is known to us and can be put aside.


bombus wrote:
Do magistrates, like juries, have a right to find a defendant not guilty if they believe a guilty verdict not to be in the public interest (or however it's worded)? If so this does tend to indicate that magistrates personally like speed cameras for whatever reason.

I don't know if juries do have a specific right to do as you suggest.
I do know that juries occasionally bring in what the legal profession call a "perverse verdict". In other words a verdict completely at variance with the law of the land and the evidence presented. The public at large has no idea why this happens because juries do not give reasons for their decisions and research into jury decision making processes is unlawful.

There was some research into juries in (i think) New Zealand a few years ago which showed that many juries had fundamental misunderstandings about the law that they were supposed to be applying. I can't find the reference at the moment, if I get time I will try to dig it out.


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PostPosted: Thu Aug 09, 2007 10:49 
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RobinXe wrote:
magistrates are only human after all, and have far less experience applying the law than judges.

In the context of determining if a given body of evidence is, or is not, credible, judges do not make such decisions. Juries and JPs do.

So JPs - all carefully selected for an abilty to think judicially, trained, experienced, appraised ( and removed from office if not competent), backed by a legally qualified clerk, giving reasons for their decisons.

or

a jury - picked at random, could well be illiterate, innumerate, racist, rabidly pro camera (or anti camera for that matter), listening to pop music rather than the evidence, working a night shift and nodding off and not required to substantiate their decision by way of giving reasons.


Who is most likely to make a reasoned, unbiased assessment of a witness and the evidence he or she gives? I don't know but I suspect you wil have a definitive view on the subject.


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