dcbwhaley wrote:
Firstly apologies for being a late entrant into this thread - I have been heavily involved in the election that we had in Australia 2 weeks ago (and the results are not yet final!!!!!!!

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DCBW has quoted the NSW Roads and Traffic Authority as one of his sources. They in turn are quoting a study done by CASR at the University of Adelaide. I have read this study in detail and find it seriously faulty in its execution and interpretation. It is so bad that if I had done it as a school project I would have got, and deserved, six of the very best!
Note that since the original was written and following criticism (by myself and others) the methodology has been re-written - without repeating the work!
For those who may have forgotten, my professional expertise is in the assessment of Industrial Research and Development projects from the technological, financial, management ability and commercial prospects. This was for the Australian Government's Ausindustry Grants and Taxation Programmes.
For Weepy and DCBW's information the 85% finding was from very extensive work done by Solomon and others in about 1964. (In the USA) This work has been repeated by others using different methodology and produced the same result ie the probability of having a crash is at a minimum when the travelling speed is at the 85th per centile free speed ie unfettered by traffic, enforcement or artificial limits. Drivers at lower speeds may be drunk, incompetent etc, those at higher speeds may be drunk or driving beyond their capabilities etc.
A speed limit therefore should be tailored to get as many as possible travelling at the observed 85% speed with enforcement targetted at those significantly above this.
Australian road safety research is conducted at several Universities. Unfortunately they are not rivals but incestuous; they "Peer Review" each others work and I have never seen any real criticism.
(Peer review is like the little girl with a curl; when it is good it is very good but when it is bad it is truly horrid. The best review is done by rivals or sceptics - that is how the problems are found)