I recall several years ago being a passenger in my friends car, He braked suddenly and we both felt fine.
A week later i became very ill at home, A doctor was called and he could see the pain i was in, An ambulance was called and i was taken to A&E.
I had terrible abdominal pain and then The doc asked me if i had been in any accidents lately.
At midnight that day i was taken into surgery, Yep i was in intensive care for 7 days, They did something called a laperotomy, Nice big cut right down to you know where, I had severed the mesenteric blood vessel and lost 2 litres of blood. I recall the surgeon telling me how lucky i was to survive.
The doc told me that the lap belt had severed the mesenteric vessel and i didnt even know till a week later.
So i would say yes seatbelts are not as safe as some may think.
A little info here,
http://www.springerlink.com/content/w234078g04444188/Abstract Between 1981 and 1989, 541 children were admitted with abdominal injuries sustained as passengers in motor vehicle accidents. Twenty-nine of them had seat belt injuries of the abdomen. From 1981 to 1984, 1 child was admitted each year with such injuries and 21% of the abdominal injuries were due to seat belts. The number of cases had increased to 8 in 1989 and 78% of abdominal injuries were due to seat belts. These changes coincided with increased compliance with seat belt legislation in the State of Victoria. Restraint of children under 8 years of age in the front seat was legislated in 1976 and in the rear seat in 1981. In 1985, drivers were also held responsible for the restraint of children 8–17 years of age. Most of the children with seat belt injuries of the abdomen used lap belts or poorly fitting lap/sash belts. Twenty of the children had other non-abdominal injuries including 11 head, 7 thoracic, and 12 limb injuries. Eight children had spinal injuries including 7 Chance flexion-distraction fractures of the spine and 1 spinal cord injury without radiological abnormality. Chance fractures were only detected in one-half of the children on admission and in only 1 of the 9 children who had a laparotomy. Seventy-five per cent of children with spinal injuries had a laparotomy; 67% of those with abdominal injuries had spinal injuries, while only 7% of those not undergoing laparotomy had spinal injuries. These findings indicate that all children with seat belt injuries of the abdomen need careful clinical and radiographic assessment of the thoracolumbar spine. Prevention of seat belt injuries of the abdomen and spine requires legislation that ensures that all children use effective restraints that are appropriate for their age, size, and position within the vehicle.
That's the bit of research that lead to big advances in child seat design and the abolition of lap-only belts in the middle rear seating position (in Europe at least). Your unfortunate incident is one I'd put in the "freak accidents" category along with driving a car into a lake and drowning because you can't get the seat belt off. Most of the time, for most people in most crashes, they do more good than harm. Ejector seats in aircraft can cause spinal damage but on the whole, the alternatives are worse!