SafeSpeed wrote:
I'm absolutely convinced that there are large numbers of genuine 'looked but failed to see' crashes. I believe that windscreen A pillars and retinal blind spots are at least 'significant'. I'm less convinced by looming and motion camouflage effects. I'm not terribly convinced by the 'what you expect to see' arguments. It's also possible to 'look in the wrong place' - perhaps looking for traffic that is further away and missing traffic that is closer.
I'm quite sure all these effects and more are present, and do cause crashes.
There's a well known effect where the brain 'fills in the gaps' of what you are seeing. If your vision is partially obscured by something outside your focus, or you only take a quick glance not long enough to recognise everything, I believe you can be left with the impression that you have seen the whole scene, when you haven't.
I've also got personal experience of 'tunnel vision' where I completely failed to see somebody in a bright dayglow tabard holding a red flag out well within my field of view, because the scene contained lots of other dayglow items (the hi-vis tabard lost its impact) and I was concentrating on something directly in front of me. Being visible isn't enough to ensure something is noticed, making yourself stand out more would increase the proportion of people who notice you at first glance.